Secondary Organic Compounds in Atmospheric Aerosols: Speciation and Formation Mechanisms

نویسندگان

  • Célia A. Alves
  • Casimiro A. Pio
چکیده

Atendendo às características fotoquímicas atmosféricas, as áreas florestadas dos países mediterrânicos constituem um ambiente apropriado para investigar os aerossóis orgânicos secundários. Este estudo visa estudar in situ a composição dos aerossóis, em particular os produtos resultantes da foto-oxidação de compostos orgânicos voláteis biogênicos, considerando simultaneamente a contribuição antropogênica, e explicar como estes compostos surgem nos aerossóis. As amostragens de matéria particulada atmosférica ocorreram em dois locais: uma floresta de Abies boressi na Grécia central e numa localidade rural próxima da costa, no centro de Portugal. A matéria orgânica presente nos aerossóis foi extraída com solventes e analisada por cromatografia gasosa e espectrometria de massa. Detectaram-se vários produtos resultantes da foto-oxidação de compostos orgânicos voláteis emitidos pela vegetação ou de precursores antropogênicos. Estes constituintes secundários incluem derivados de alcenos, ácidos oxo-, die monocarboxílicos, compostos aromáticos oxigenados, azaarenos, tio-arenos e muitos produtos da foto-oxidação dos terpenos. Esta experiência in situ possibilitou a confirmação da presença de constituintes secundários, os quais haviam sido estudados quase exclusivamente em atmosferas simuladas através de ensaios laboratoriais. Alguns mecanismos reacionais que explicam a formação de compostos na fase particulada a partir de precursores são aqui apresentados.

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تاریخ انتشار 2005